托克维尔在《论美国的民主》中说道：“其他任何国家从来没有创制出如此强大的司法权。联邦的安定、繁荣与生存本身，全系于七位联邦大法官之手。没有他们，宪法只是一纸空文。行政权也依靠他们去抵制立法机构的侵犯，而立法权则依靠他们使自己不受行政权的进攻。”托克维尔意在说明美国

试卷相关题目

• 1“政党分肥制”是17—18世纪欧美国家的一种政治现象，执政党把官职分给党内同僚，一旦内阁重组或执政党更换，就要更换几乎所有的政府官员，导致新上任官员拼命捞钱。据此可推知，该现象

  A.易造成国家政府腐败

  B.迟滞了欧美社会转型

  C.提高了政府行政效率

  D.促使多数人掌握权力

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• 2欧洲近代民族国家为维护本国利益，在经济上采取了一项重要政策，该政策实质是经济民族主义。其主要特征是，国家的统治者同新兴的商业资本家结盟，从政治上加强对经济的全面控制。该经济政策

  A.有利于为工业革命积累资金

  B.为垄断资本主义的形成提供支持

  C.在工业革命过程中逐步确立

  D.有助于缓和欧洲国家之间的关系

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• 3英国埃尔顿庄园的法庭案卷载有公元1300年19个茅舍农(农奴)涉讼的记录。他们因没有将牧草装上马车,被领主告上法庭。这些茅舍农坚称:他们没有装草的义务,除非他们出于自愿,主动这样做。为此法庭查阅了有关农奴劳役的惯例,然后确认:这些茅舍农必须在草地上或领主庭院里将牧草垛起,但没有义务将牧草装上马车。由此可知,庄园法庭(   )

  A.完全站在领主的立场,为统治者服务

  B.尊重惯例、司法程序,以法律途径协调领主与农奴的权益

  C.基本上以法律名义偏袒了领主,但作出了让步

  D.是为维护庄园经济秩序而服务的,无法体现公平

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• 4公元前5世纪中期,罗马共和国颁布《十二铜表法》,在《十二铜表法》中，第8表规定，凡故意伤人肢体而又未能取得调解时，则伤人者也应受到同样的伤害。不过，如有人打断自由人的骨头，他须偿付300阿司罚金；如被打断骨头的是奴隶，罚金可以减半。第11表规定，禁止贵族与平民通婚。这说明了《十二铜表法》（   ）

  A.彻底限制了贵族随意解释法律

  B.体现了司法公平公正的原则

  C.未能实现法律面前的人人平等

  D.强调私有财产神圣不可侵犯

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• 51972年前九个月。来自世界五大洲九十多个国家和地区的五百多个代表团访问中国。中国还特邀了外国国家元首，政府首脑。外交部长及其他高级官员及政府代表三十多批。形成这一局面的主要原因是

  A.“和平共处五项原则”的提出

  B.日内瓦会议召开

  C.中国恢复在联合国的合法席位

  D.中日邦交正常化

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 6第二次世界大战后，西方国家组织和鼓励当地居民建立自下而上的机制解决社会问题，实行居民自我管理，参与地方政府的决策。20世纪80年代以后，公众、志愿者和私人部门提供了越来越多的公共服务。这一历程表明

  A.地方治理的效率更低

  B.社区承担更多政府功能

  C.政府对经济的干预加强

  D.政府公共开支日益增加

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 7下表为1983-1984年英国税收、福利与家庭收入统计表（单位：英镑），据此可知<table _dj="MsoNormalTable" border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:246.0000pt;margin-left:-0.6000pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-top-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-right-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-bottom-alt:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-insideh:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-border-insidev:0.5000pt solid windowtext;mso-padding-alt:6.0000pt 6.0000pt 6.0000pt 6.0000pt ;"><tbody><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">月收入</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">50</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">80</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">200</td></tr><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">儿童津贴</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">13</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">13</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">13</td></tr><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">其他津贴</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">50</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">30</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">0</td></tr><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">纳税</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">0</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">-7.9</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">-43.8</td></tr><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">国民保险</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">-4.5</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">-7.2</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">-18.0</td></tr><tr><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-left-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">实际收入</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">108.6</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">108.0</td><td width="82" valign="center" style="width:61.5000pt;padding:3.7500pt 6.0000pt 3.7500pt 6.0000pt ;border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:none;border-right:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-right-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);border-bottom:1.0000pt solid rgb(0,0,0);mso-border-bottom-alt:0.7500pt solid rgb(0,0,0);">151.2</td></tr></tbody></table>

  A.儿童利益得到了绝对保障

  B.实际收入的变化是国家干预经济的结果

  C.国民保险消除了收入差距

  D.福利政策的调整实现了收入的平均分配

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