为了确保北京奥运会空气质量达到较高水平，2001年申奥成功以来，北京周边地区建立了大量的绿色林带，以下相关说法错误的是

试卷相关题目

• 1某种转基因玉米能高效合成一种多肽类的消化酶抑制剂，让害虫无法消化食物而死。下列就该玉米对人类的安全性评论中，不符合生物学原理的是

  A.安全，不同物种的酶在结构上有差异，该抑制剂对人体消化酶无影响

  B.安全，人类通常食用煮熟的玉米，该抑制剂被高温破坏后不会影响人体

  C.不安全，该转基因玉米可能存在一些未被人知的潜在威胁需要进一步评估

  D.不安全，该抑制剂基因能直接在人体细胞内表达，使人无法消化食物而患病

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• 2不能作为组织培养、细胞培养和克隆的生物材料是

  A.花粉

  B.幼叶

  C.人血液中的红细胞

  D.卵细胞

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• 3利用细胞工程方法，以SARS病毒核衣壳蛋白为抗原制备出单克隆抗体。下列相关叙述正确的是

  A.用纯化的核衣壳蛋白反复注射到小鼠体内，产生的血清抗体为单克隆抗体

  B.体外培养单个效应B细胞可以获得大量针对SARS病毒的单克隆抗体

  C.将等量效应B细胞和骨髓瘤细胞混合，经PEG诱导融合后的细胞均为杂交瘤细胞

  D.利用该单克隆抗体与SARS病毒核衣壳蛋白特异性结合的方法可诊断出病毒感染者

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• 4动物细胞培养的特点是①细胞贴壁 ②有丝分裂 ③分散生长 ④接触抑制 ⑤减数分裂 ⑥原代培养一般传代1～10代

  A.①②④⑥

  B.②③④⑤

  C.①③④⑥

  D.③④⑤⑥

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• 5能克服远源杂交不亲和障碍的技术是

  A.组织培养

  B.植物体细胞杂交

  C.动物胚胎移植

  D.单倍体育种

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• 6下列有关“DNA的粗提取和鉴定”实验原理的叙述不正确的是

  A.DNA在NaCl溶液中的溶解度，随NaCl溶液浓度的降低而减小

  B.利用DNA不溶于酒精的性质，可除去细胞中溶于酒精的物质而得到较纯的DNA

  C.DNA是大分子有机物，不溶于水而溶于某些有机溶剂如酒精

  D.在沸水中，DNA遇二苯胺会出现紫色反应

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• 7鸡的输卵管细胞能合成卵清蛋白，红细胞能合成血红蛋白，胰岛细胞能合成胰岛素，用编码上述蛋白质的基因分别做探针，对三种细胞中提取的总DNA的限制酶切片段进行杂交实验；用同样的三种基因片段做探针，对上述三种细胞中提取的总RNA进行杂交实验，上述实验结果如下表： <table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 401.4pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MARGIN-LEFT: 23.7pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="535" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" rowspan="2" width="91"> </td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="216" colspan="3">细胞总DNA</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 171pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="228" colspan="3">细胞总RNA</td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">输卵管细胞</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">红细胞</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 63pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="84">胰岛细胞</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="96">输卵管细胞</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">红细胞</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">胰岛细胞</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 13.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="91">卵清蛋白基因</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 63pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="84">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="96">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">—</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 13.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">—</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="91">血红蛋白基因</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 63pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="84">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="96">—</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">—</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="91">胰岛素基因</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 63pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="84">十</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="96">—</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="60">—</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="72">十</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="91"> </td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="216" colspan="3">DNA分子杂交法</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 171pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="228" colspan="3">RNA分子杂交法</td></tr></tbody></table>“+”表示杂交过程中有杂合双链    “—”表示杂交过程有游离（未杂合）的单链根据上述事实，下列叙述正确的是

  A.上述三种细胞均有卵清蛋白基因、血红蛋白基因和胰岛素基因

  B.上述三种细胞的分化是由于细胞在发育过程中基因选择性表达

  C.上述三种细胞只有各自对应的基因及各自对应的基因表达产物

  D.在红细胞成熟过程中卵清蛋白基因和胰岛素基因发生了丢失

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• 8下列有关组成生物体细胞的化学元素的叙述，正确的是

  A.在不同生物体细胞内，组成它们的化学元素种类大体相同

  B.在所有生物体细胞中，各种元素含量完全相同

  C.组成生物体细胞的化学元素，在无机自然界都能找到

  D.组成生物体细胞含量最多的元素是碳

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• 9下列过程中涉及植物组织培养技术的是

  A.由马铃薯的茎尖培育出无病毒植株

  B.白菜和甘蓝经体细胞杂交过程培育出杂种植株

  C.转入抗卡那霉素基因的烟草细胞培育出转基因植株

  D.二倍体水稻的种子经秋水仙素处理后培育出四倍体植株

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• 10设置对照组是生物学实验常用的方法，下列关于对照组设置的叙述，错误的是

  A.研究细胞核的功能，把蝾螈的受精卵横缢成有核和无核两部分

  B.研究氧浓度对植物呼吸作用的影响分别在黑暗和光照条件下进行

  C.研究温度对酶活性的影响，实验选用过氧化氢酶、过氧化氢溶液做实验材料

  D.研究植物有丝分裂实验中解离时间的对实验的影响，自变量是龙胆紫溶液或醋酸洋红液

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