selective perception is （    ） of new conflicting information that may result, in a breakdown in communication.

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• 1project cash reserves are often used for adjustment in escalation factors which may be beyond the control of the project manager. other than possibly financing (interest) costs and taxes, the three most common escalation factors involve changes in:

  A.overhead rates, labor rates and material costs.

  B.overhead rates, schedule slippages, and rework.

  C.rework, cost-of-living adjustments, and overtime.

  D.material costs, shipping cost, and scope changes.

  E.labor rates, material costs, and cost reporting.

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• 2for a given characteristic in a construction process, the standard deviation associated with production variation is 0.8", and the standard deviation associated with measurement variation is 0.6". the total standard deviation for thischaracteristic is:

  A.1.4"

  B.1.2".

  C.1.0"

  D.0.8"

  E.0.2"

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• 3activities with zero time duration are referred to as:

  A.critical path activites.

  B.noncritical path activities.

  C.slack time activities.

  D.dummies

  E.none of above.

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• 4to calculate the expected value of an outcome:

  A.divide the value of each outcome by its probability, then add the results.

  B.divide the value of the desired outcome by the value all possible outcomes

  C.multiply the value of each outcome by its probability, then add the results

  D.use linear regression to assess the expected value of the outcome

  E.b and d only

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• 5the three most common types of project cost estimates are:

  A.order of magnitude, parametric, and budget.

  B.parametric, definitive and top down.

  C.order of magnitude, definitive and bottom up.

  D.order of magnitude, budget and definitiv

  E.E.analogy, parametric and top down.

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• 6the work breakdown structure (wbs) is an excellent tool for objective control and evaluation. which of the following is generally notvalidated through the wbs、

  A.time, schedule and cost.

  B.management coordination and organization structuring.

  C.work methods and accountability.

  D.quality of work.

  E.risk and impact decision-making.

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• 7when working in an environment that uses learning curves, the most effective plan for creating the perception that pay is related toperformance is to provide the team members with an individual salary plus bonus based upon

  A.individual productivity

  B.cost effectiveness

  C.group or team productivity

  D.rating system developed by the project manager

  E.all of the above

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• 8which of the following is not part of the acquisition process:

  A.source selection

  B.invitation to bid

  C.contract award

  D.notice to proceed

  E.all of the above are parts of the acquisition process.

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• 9an individual who is working on the satisfaction of physiological needs has essentially satisfied which needs、

  A.safety

  B.empowerment/authority

  C.esteem

  D.self-actualization

  E.none of the above

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• 10in the pdm, common constraints include:

  A.start-to-start

  B.finish-to-start

  C.finish-to-finish

  D.b and c only

  E.a, b, and c

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