(一)    A survey done by the University of Michigan shows a big drop in the numbe r of t eenagers who say they smoke cigarettes.    In the survey, over 44,000 students in grades 8, 10 and 12, from 424 schools across the  __1__  were asked about their smoking habits. The results show that smoking among 8th graders  __2__  from 21 percent in 2002, to 12 percent in 2007.In the same period, smoking dropped from 30% to 21 % among 10th graders and from 37 % to 30 % among 12th gra ders.    Anti-smoking organizations think educating kids about smoking risks are the  __3__  of the drop. “The important  __4__  in  teen smoking did not just happen by chance，” says study director Lloyd D.Johnston. “A lot of individuals and organizations have been trying to  __5__  the high rates of teenagers.”    Others say the  __6__  price of cigarettes is an important reason teens are cutting back.    __7__  the reason, the drop in teen smoking is good news to everyone, even cigarette-making companies who  __8__  their pr oduct is only for adults, not kids. Health experts are particularly  paying attention to teenage smoking habits  __9__  lifetime smokers often get hooked on smoking at an early age.    But some say that the new figures aren’t exactly cause for  __10__  . While it is true fewer teens are smoking today than five years ago, the rate of teen smoking is still higher than it was.    Cigarette smoking is the  __11__  cause of preventable death and disease in this country. “Our survey  __12__  that a lot of teens still do not understand the dangers of smoking, particularly the younger teens，” Johnston said.    本文是说明文。全文说明了一项关于青少年吸烟问题的调 查。调查显示，青少年吸烟的人数在过去的五年里呈下降趋势，但也有人对此数据表示怀疑。

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• 1                                       (二)    People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It’s __13__ that being full of vim(活力) and vigor (精力)helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.    “We need to take more seriously the possibility that a __14__ emotional style is a major player in disease risk，” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher.    In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who__15__ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状).    Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s __16__ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.    __17__ suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and  optimistic, with high self-respect and a sense of __18__ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our __19__ of catching colds.    To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team  __20__193 healthy adults. The rese archers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative __21__ they had experienced that day.    The results showed that everyone in the study was__22__ likely to get infected . Their symptoms, however, __23__ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.    Scientists__24__ a bout whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how  healthy we are. Fo r now, it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!    本文是说明文。全文讲述了通过研究，发现乐观轻松的人患感冒的机会很少。

  A.necessary

  B.possible

  C.doubtful

  D.certain

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