The characteristic of edema in primary nephritic syndrome is

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• 1The standard of hypoproteinemia in primary nephritic syndrome is

  A.Serum-albumin less than 40g/ L

  B.Serum-albumin less than 30g/ L

  C.Serum-albumin less than 25g/ L

  D.Serum-albumin less than 20g/ L

  E.Serum-albumin less than 15g/ L

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• 2Which one is correct for diagnosing nephrotic-range proteinuria

  A.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 10mg/ ( kg • d)

  B.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 20mg/(kg • d)

  C.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 30mg/(kg • d)

  D.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 40mg/(kg • d)

  E.quantitative analysis protein in the urine greater than 50mg/(kg • d)

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• 3Which one is correct for diagnosing steroid-resistance nephrotic syndrome

  A.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after1〜2weeks of steroid therapy

  B.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after2〜3weeks of steroid therapy

  C.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after3〜4weeks of steroid therapy

  D.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after5〜6weeks of steroid therapy

  E.urinary protein is range from(+++)to(++++)after4〜8weeks of steroid therapy

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• 4The most common complication in primary nephritic syndrome is

  A.electrolyte disturbances

  B.infection

  C.hypercoagulabale state

  D.renal tubular dysfunction

  E.acute renal failure

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• 5The common complication of nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric age group is

  A.primary peritonitis

  B.hyponatremia

  C.hypocalcemia

  D.renal venous thrombosis

  E.all of above

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• 6The first choice to treat primary nephrotic syndrome in children is

  A.cyclophosphamide(CTX)

  B.Chinese traditional medicine

  C.corticosteroid

  D.antibiotics

  E.ACEI

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• 7Which is not the side-effect of cyclophosphamide(CTX)

  A.aseptic necrosis of the femoral head

  B.myelosuppression

  C.toxic hepatitis

  D.gonadoinhibitory

  E.hemorrhagic cystitis

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• 8乙肝病毒相关性肾炎最常见的病理改变是

  A.轻微病变

  B.局灶硬化型

  C.系膜增生型

  D.膜增生型

  E.膜性肾病

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• 9与乙肝病毒相关性肾炎发病机制可能无关的是

  A.循环免疫复合物

  B.原位免疫复合物

  C.病毒直接感染肾脏细胞

  D.病毒感染致自身抗体和细胞免疫损伤

  E.病毒感染致肝功能损害

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• 10乙型肝炎病毒相关肾炎的临床特点，错误的是

  A.多数患儿无肝炎病史及肝炎的临床表现

  B.所有患儿均出现镜下血尿或蛋白尿

  C.病程长，预后差，易发生肾衰竭

  D.血HBsAg绝大多数均为阳性

  E.起病年龄多为儿童及青少年

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