临床医学专业外科创伤习题

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• 51A 36-year-old male peasant was crushed on the upper trunk for 30 minutes when his house collapse The patient has dyspnea and is conscious with BP18/14kPa， pulse 100/min， breath 30/min， conjunctival congestion in both eyes， distended jugular veins， bruised skin on the chest，soft abdomen， normal urine routine test findings，and without tenderness. The most likely diagnosis is(    )

  A.Early traumatic shock

  B.Traumatic asphyxia

  C.Crush syndrome

  D.Skin lesion

  E.Eye trauma

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• 52A female student， aged 18 years，w ho fell on her buttocks in a bicycle accident presents with swollen soft tissue， hot skin， and tenderness in the left buttock. The doctor suspects inflammation， where the patient has traumatic inflammation besides bacterial infection. Which of the following is NOT among the possible pathologic responses?(    )

  A.Vascular response

  B.Infiltration of water， electrolyte，and plasma protein into the interstitial space

  C.Entry of neutrophils and monocytes into the interstitial space

  D.Increased arachidonic acid

  E.Rupture and bleeding of blood vessels

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• 53Which of the following injury is closed injury(    )

  A.abrasion

  B.laceration

  C.sprain

  D.gun shot wound

  E.cut wound

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• 54Which of the following injury is open injury(    )

  A.contusion

  B.sprain

  C.dislocation

  D.abrasion

  E.rupture of spleen

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• 55Which of the following is NOT usually present in severe injury(    )

  A.enhanced basic metabolic rate

  B.increased energy consumption

  C.enhanced immune function

  D.decreased neutrophil and monocyte function

  E.increased accumulation of water and natrium

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• 56男性，64岁，农民，2天前因棉花包滚下压伤身体，检查：精神不振，呼吸18次/分，脉搏110次/分，血压18/12kPa，两下稍肿有瘀斑，股骨动脉良好，pH升高，PCO2正常，此时的暂时性酸碱平衡失调为(    )

  A.代谢性酸中毒

  B.代谢性碱中毒

  C.混合性酸中毒

  D.混合性碱中毒

  E.呼吸性碱中毒

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• 57如果损伤后酸碱平衡失调继续发展可以发生(    )

  A.代谢性酸中毒

  B.代谢性碱中毒

  C.混合性酸中毒

  D.混合性碱中毒

  E.呼吸性碱中毒

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• 58阴部骑跨伤后出现排尿困难，尿道滴血(    )

  A.后尿道损伤

  B.球部尿道损伤

  C.腹膜内膀胱破裂

  D.腹膜外膀胱破裂

  E.悬垂部尿道损伤

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• 59骨盆多处骨折后出现排尿困难(    )

  A.后尿道损伤

  B.球部尿道损伤

  C.腹膜内膀胱破裂

  D.腹膜外膀胱破裂

  E.悬垂部尿道损伤

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• 60车祸致骨盆骨折，休克，开放性气胸，首先处理(    )

  A.开放性气胸

  B.窒息

  C.心搏骤停

  D.大出血

  E.休克

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