儿科学_呼吸系统疾病2

试卷预览

• 91关于金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎的特点，不正确的是：

  A.起病急剧，中毒症状严重

  B.咳嗽和呼吸困难

  C.肺部体征出现较晚

  D.易合并神经、循环及胃肠功能障碍

  E.易并发脓胸及脓气胸

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• 92由耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)引起的肺炎，应选用的抗生素是

  A.第三代头孢菌素

  B.苯唑西林

  C.罗红霉素

  D.万古霉素

  E.阿米卡星

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• 93以下哪一项不符合支原体肺炎的发病特点

  A.高热持续1〜3周

  B.可伴有心、脑、肝等多脏器受损

  C.剧烈咳嗽，痰多且黏稠

  D.婴幼儿感染时喘憋症状较突出

  E.累及胸膜时可出现少量至中等量胸腔积液

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• 94不符合呼吸道合胞病毒性肺炎的是

  A.呼吸困难、喘憋

  B.双肺满布喘鸣音

  C.严重缺氧可发生呼吸衰竭

  D.胸部X线示小点片状、斑片状，部分有不同程度肺气肿

  E.多有持续高热

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• 95关于呼吸道合胞病毒肺炎的特点，应除外的是

  A.多见于2岁以内，尤其是6个月以内的婴儿

  B.肺部体征出现早

  C.常有呼吸困难

  D.高热、双肺细湿啰音为主

  E.X线改变主要是间质性肺炎，肺泡病变及肺气肿

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• 96Which of the following is NOT the characteristic of staphylococci aureus pneumonia

  A.high fever，most of them are remittent fever

  B.Scarlatinoid rash or urticaria

  C.physical signs of the lungs appear late

  D.formation of subcutaneous emphysema

  E.patchy shadows in x-ray film

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• 97A 4-year-old boy with Staphylococcus pneumonia suddenly develops increasing respiratory distress. If you are called to see this child， what should be your order

  A.A second chest radiograph to evaluate for pneumatocele formation

  B.A large-bore needle and chest tube kit for aspiration of a probable tension pneumothorax

  C.A change in antibiotics to include gentamicin

  D.A sedative to treat the childs attack of severe anxiety

  E.A thoracentesis kit to drain his probable pleural effusion

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• 98A 2 year-old previously healthy boy presents fever for 5 days and cough and tachypnea for 2 days with highest body temperature of 40°C， inspiratory retraction (three depression sign) and fine crackles in both lungs. What is the most likely cause for his condition

  A.Streptococcus pneumoniae

  B.Chlamydia pneumoniae

  C.Respiratory syncytial virus

  D.Haemophilus influenzae

  E.Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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• 991岁半男孩，因发热、咳嗽3天，诉右耳痛1天就诊，五官科诊断为急性卡他性中耳炎。其发病机制为

  A.小儿喉部呈漏斗型，感染不容易向下，故向周围蔓延

  B.血行播散

  C.淋巴管播散

  D.咽鼓管较宽、直而短、呈水平位

  E.上呼吸道IgA分泌少

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• 1002岁患儿，发热1天，食欲缺乏，咽痛，检查时可见咽部充血，在咽弓、悬雍垂黏膜上可见数个2〜4mm大小的灰白色小疱疹，周围有红晕，血常规WBC4.0×109/L，中心粒细胞45%，淋巴细胞55%，则患儿诊断为

  A.咽结膜炎

  B.疱疹性咽峡炎

  C.溃疡性口腔炎

  D.手足口病

  E.球菌性口炎

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