2020天津解放军士兵考军校英语(十九)
二、The Passive被动语态
下列情况下使用被动语态:
不知道动作的执行者时。
要关注的事动作的本身而不是动作执行者时。
要特别关注动作执行这时,
要避免句子主语太长时。
被动语态主要用于正式的表达和书面语中,是非常典型的报刊和报道用语,除了动词时态的被动形式外,还有其他被动形式:
不定式的被动语态: It’s nice to be taken seriously.
动名词的被动形式:We all enjoyed being praised by the teacher.
不定式的被动完成形式:The train may have been delayed by the storm.
三、Emphatic structures: inversion and “it” cleft sentences.
强调结构,倒装句和分裂句“it”
把否定词(如seldom)置于句首形式倒装表示强调,即用疑问句的语序。这样的强调句通常用于正式的书面语中。
He was never known anything like it. Never has he known anything like it.
倒装形式的强调也可以用于对过去事实进行假设的条件中。
注意形成倒装时,要将if去掉。这样的倒装句常见于正式和非正式的表达中。
If I had known they were in town, I would have phoned them.
= Had I known they were in town, I would have phoned them.
在正式和非正式的表达中,可以用下列结构对某些词语进行强调。
It’s money that he’s interested.
四、表达完成的动词形式
表达完成的动词形式可以用来表达某特定时间前发生的动作。
I’ve been staying with my family on the coast.
在下列情况下用表达完成的动词形式:
现在完成时
现在完成进行时
过去完成时
过去完成进行时
将来完成时:We will have moved out by the end of next year.
不定式完成式:They may have lost their way.
动词ing形式的完成式: I remembered having met the man long time ago.
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