21~99的两位数字,在10位和个位之间加连字符构成,如89-eighty-nine. 101~999的三位数字,由hundred 加and 再加二位数或未位数字,如: 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundred and twenty-three. 四位以上数字,应从个位起向前数三位加逗号,读作thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号,读作million,再数三位加 逗号,读作billion,其读法如下:
1001-one thousand and one 5386-five thousand, three hundred and eighty-six 要注意的是hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法。①前面有别的基数词时,即若干个百、千、百万、十亿时,其本身都不要加s,如:three hundred students。 ② 若表示成百,成千或数百,数千时,前面不能有基数词,但其本身要用复数形式,然后+of+名词复数。如:thousands and thousands of。 (成千上万)
2? 序数词的构成法
序数词除first, second, third 以外,其余一般在词尾加th构成,除一般略有差异的各别数词外,很容易掌握。其二位数或多位数只将后面的个位数字改为序数词,其前面各位数字均不改变,都用基数词。
3? 其他数字表示法
小数的小数点读作point,零读作o[?u]或zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。 分数分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1 时,分数要在序数词上加s,但1/2用one half, 1 4 用a quarter. 1 3 读作one third而 2 3 读作two thirds。 百分数(%),读作per cent (percent),但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。 表示日期有两种说法和四种写法,如:2月1号英语表达法为:the first of February而美语为February (the) first,但其书写上可有四种写法① February 1 ② February 1st ③ 1st February ④ 1/2。 倍数的讲法有所不同。两倍用twice,而三倍以上用序数词加times,如:He has three times as many books as I have.
(二) 正误辨析
[误] 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred as seven.
[正] 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven.
[析] 在读数字时,如:and前只有百或千时,用one hundred/ one thousand 还是a hundred /a thousand全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千时,则只能用one不要用a。 如果没有and时,如:1100也只能读作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred.
[误] I drove about half mile.
[正] I drove about half a mile.
[析] 半小时为half an hour, 半天为half a day, 半镑为half a pound, 尽量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是Half of the work is done? Half of the books are sold. 当Half 作名词时,其谓语动词要看of后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词,如是复数名词时,则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的是一个半的表达法, 如:One and a half apples is left on the table.其名词要用复数,但谓语动词则要用单数。
[误] 60 students are playing on the ground.
[正] Sixty students are playing on the ground.
[析] 在句首的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字,如数字过大则应放于句中,用阿拉伯数字。如: There are 166 students playing on the ground.
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