2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点78

来源： 2019-04-28 08:18中

［析］单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用the other,因街道只有两边，而不在这边必定是在另一边，所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。

单数复数

泛指 another形容词作定语作名词

another代词 other others

特指 the other形容词

the other代词

the other the others

［误］There are ten students here Where are the others students?

［正］There are ten students here.Where are the others?

［正］There are ten students here Where are the other students?

［析］the others=the other students.

［误］The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.

［正］The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.

［析］another用于泛指，如：Is it far from here to the station?I'm sorry. I have no idea. One may say it is quite near; another may say it is far from here.但在特指时则要用the other.它可以用作定语，the other one,也可以用作代词the other,但the other用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。如果指三者或者三者以上的情况时，则要用one…another…the other.或者one…a second…the third…

［误］Some people like sports. The others like reading.

［正］Some people like sports. Others like reading.

［析］在泛指的复数名词前用some…others…others…来表示某些人……某些人……某些人……。

［误］Please remember to water the flowers each other day.

［正］Please remember to water the flowers every other day.

［析］every other day为每隔一天。是习惯用法，不要随意改动。又如：on the other hand另一方面。

［误］Many know him， but few likes him.

［正］Many know him, but few like him.

［析］few用于可数名词，意为几乎没有，但few作主语时谓语动词则要用复数形式，而a few为有一些。

［误］You have few friends, haven't you?

［正］You have few friends, have you?

［析］little与few用于句中时，均要按否定句看待。

［误］Much of what you said are true.

［正］Much of what you said is true.

［析］much用于不可数名词，作主语时用单数谓语动词。而many用于可数名词，它作主语时用复数形式的谓语动词。

［误］This room is enough large for the students to live in.

［正］This room is large enough for the students to live in.

［析］enough 可以用作代词，如：There is enough of the food. 又如：Enough has been done for the work，但enough 还可以作形容词来修饰名词，这时enough可以放在名词之前，也可放在名词之后，如：money enough 与enough money都是对的。但当enough作副词修饰形容词时，则只能置于形容词之后了。

［误］I want any books to read. Do you have any?

［正］I want some books to read. Do you have any?

［析］按照语法any用于疑问句和否定句，而some用于肯定句。

［误］Would you like any thing to drink?

［正］Would you like something to drink?

［析］在由would you like发出的问句中，表达了说话者真心实意要为对方提供些饮料，或在说话者想得到对方的肯定答复时，在疑问句中要用some而不用any。

［误］Someone want to meet you.

［正］Someone wants to meet you.

［析］不定代词应被看作单数，即使用and连接两个不定代词，也要看作单数，如：　Anyone and everyone has the right. 任何人，每一个人都有这样的权力。

［误］New York is much colder in winter than before.

［正］It is much colder in New York in winter than before.

［析］it常常用在英文的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象，或用在句中作形式主语或宾语，如：

It is ten o'clock now. (代时间)

It is far from here to the airport. (代距离)

It is very hot.(代天气)

It is very difficult to learn English well. (作形式主语)

We found it very difficult to answer the question. (作形式宾语)

［误］Be careful. Don't drink too many.

［正］Be careful. Don't drink too much.

［析］这里much所代的应是饮料或水，所以应为不可数名词。

(三) 例题解析

1 These are ＿＿＿books. Yours are over there.

A I B my C me D mine

［答案］B.

［析］这里应用形容词性物主代词。

2 —＿＿＿ is she?

— She is a teacher.

A What B How C Who D Where

［答案］A.

［析］这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立，但其意义不同。What is she?应译为“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而How is she?应译为“她身体如何?”而Who is she?应译为“她是谁?”其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Where is she?应为“她在什么地方?”由答语决定了这道题的选择。

3＿＿＿ is wrong with my watch. It has stopped＿＿＿.

A Something, working B Something, to work

C Any thing, working D Anything, to work

［答案］A.

［析］因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，则stop后要用动名词。

4 Mary, help ＿＿＿to the bananas, please.

A you B your C yourself D yourselves

［答案］C.

［析］help oneself to something为“自己拿某物”。yourself为“你一个人”，而yourselves为“你们”。

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