2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点90

来源： 2019-04-28 08:22中

［析］无生命名词的所有格应用of结构。但是's形式的所有格可用于以下无生命的名词：表示时间的词：today's newspaper, a twenty minutes' walk, an hour's, rest 表示长度的词：three metres' distance, a boat's length， twenty miles' journey 表示重量的名词：two pounds' weight价格名词：two dollars'worth拟人化的名词：Nature's work, nature's lesson(大自然的教训)及国家、机关、团体、城市等机构性名词：the university's library

［误］He is an old friend of my father.

［正］He is an old friend of my father's.

［析］这是英语中的一种习惯用法而不要根据语法去推理。如：This pen is Tom's.

［误］My father is a good cooker.

［正］My father is a good cook.

［析］一般动词加上er后则转意为执行该动作的执行者，如:teach(教)—teacher(老师),think(想)—thinker(思想家),drive(开车)—driver(司机),sell(卖)—seller(卖物者)……但不能总是以此类推，比如cook是动词“做饭”。而 cook也可作为名词“厨师”讲，而cooker则为厨具，餐具，即锅、碗、勺等做饭用具。

［误］The young is dancing there.

［正］The young are dancing there.

［析］英文中用定冠词加上形容词表示一类人时应按复数名词，如：the rich 富人，the poor(穷人),the wise 聪明人，但如果用定冠词加形容词来表示事物则要用作单数名词，如：The beautiful is still here.美丽的风景依旧。

［误］The stories of the book was written many years ago.

［正］The stories of the book were written many years ago.

［析］这句话的真正主语应是stories，所以应用复数谓语动词。

［误］This is one of the English?Chinese dictionary.

［正］This is one of the English?Chinese dictionaries.

［析］one of意为“……之一”，of后面的名词要用复数形式。

［误］Let's go to uncle Wang for supper.

［正］Let's go to uncle Wang's for supper.

［析］uncle Wang's 意为“王叔叔家”，doctor's意为“医院或私人诊所”。

［误］I think we will make a friend with each other.

［正］I think we will make friends with each other.

［析］make friends 为习惯用法，即交朋友。

［误］I want to tell you much pieces of good news.

［正］I want to tell you many pieces of good news.

［析］news为不可数名词，但加了量词之后则要用many来修饰量词，因量词是可数名词，或可以说I want to tell you some good news.因some 即可用在可数名词前，也可用在不可数名词前作形容词，如：I want to tell you some pieces of good news.

［误］The teacher with five students are coming here.

［正］The teacher with five students is coming here.

［析］要注意由with引出的介词短语不是本句的主语，这与连词and有很大的区别，如：The teacher and five students are coming here. 这里由介词引出的短语仅仅是teacher的修饰语。

［误］There are a lot of information here, but we don't need them.

［正］There is a lot of information here, but we don't need it.

［析］information为不可数名词，而用作代替它的词要用it而不能用them.

［误］Many a student make the same mistake in the exam.

［正］Many a student makes the same mistake in the exam.

［析］many a 加可数名词单数，作主语时其谓语动词应用单数形式，但其意为许多学生。

［误］The children wear very good cloth to go to school today.

［正］The children wear very good clothes to go to school today.

［析］英文中cloth,clothes,clothing是易混之词：cloth是物质名词，意为“布”，没有复数形式，而clothing是指衣物的总称，也没有复数形式。clothes是指衣服，但没有单数形式，如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英文中的dress则指较正规的服装，如：a school dress 校服，an evening dress晚礼服。

［误］I like to study the English.

［正］I like to study English.

［析］作为一种学科名词前不要用冠词，而作为某一特指学科则要加冠词，如：I like to study history. I like to study the history of America.

［误］The Browns is going to visit China.

［正］The Browns are going to visit China.

［析］定冠词加姓加s，则意为“Brown先生一家人”。所以应用复数谓语动词。此句应译为：Brown先生一家将要访问中国。

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