(2)表示特指含义的限定词有:the (+可数或不可数名词),指示代词this / that / which / what(+单数可数名词),指示代词these / those / which / what (+复数可数名词),形容词性物主代词和名词所有格my/your/his…/Tom’s / his mother’s…/ whose (+可数或不可数名词)和序数词(the) first / (the) last…
(4)表示数目的限定词,包括基数词one / two…;倍数词twice / three times…和分数half / one third…
(5)量词:several, many, much, enough, (a) few, (a) little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great / good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great of, a number of等
由上可见,除了复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时前面不用任何限定词(但也可叫零限定词)外,所有其它情况下一个名词前都要有至少一个限定词;中国学生最典型的错误是:在单数可数名词前用零限定词表示泛指。如:Dog is human being’s best friend. 正确的说法是:A / The dog is a human being’s best friend.或者Dogs are human beings’ best friends.
4.形容词:
1)概念:修饰或描绘某人或物,表示其性质特征状态的词类。如:
a brief report(定语,修饰report) the central government (定语,修饰government) I’m hardly functional today.(表语,描绘主语I)。
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