2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点412
① 指代人 (也就是引导修饰人的定语从句) 的关系代词who, whom, that，其中who和that既可以作主语也可以做宾语，whom只可以作宾语。作表语只用that。如：
____The police officer____ ____who / that had ruled out the possibility of murder____ ____was very experienced.____(who / that作定语从句的主语)
____The boy____ ____who(m) / that they found missing____ ____was called Justin Foster.____(who / whom / that作定语从句的谓语动词found的宾语)
____Tom is not the small boy that he used to be.____ (that在从句中作表语)
② 指代事物(也就是引导修饰事物的定语从句) 的关系代词which和that，两者都既可以作主语也可以做宾语。That还可作表语。如：
____The spaceship____ ____that / which moved around to the side of the house gave off very bright lights.____(that / which作定语从句的主语)
____Water____, ____without which humans couldn’t live,____ ____is the most valuable resouce on the earth.____(which作定语从句中的介词without的宾语)
____This place is not the villaget that it was ten years ago.____(that在从句中作表语)
(2) 关系限定词whose，在定语从句中作定语，指代“名词先行词’s”或物主限定词his, her等，引导修饰人(间或为事物，此时可用whose可被of which替代)的定语从句。如：
____The strange-looking man whose eyes were large and black walked over to Justin.____(whose作eyes的定语，指代the strange-looking man’s，从句修饰人)
____The house whose windows we have just fixed were broken into by burglars.____(whose作 windows的定语，指代the house’s，从句修饰事物)
(3) 关系副词where, when和why，在定语从句中作状语，相当于“介词+地点名词先行词/时间名词先行词/原因名词先行词”，各自引导修饰这些名词的定语从句。如：
____The mountain where the volcano lies is not far from here.____(where在从句中作谓语动词lies的状语，相当于in the mountain从句修饰the mountain)
____The days when people felt content with a simple life are forever gone.____(when在从句中作谓语动词felt的状语，相当于in the days，从句修饰the days)
____He gave us no reason why he took the job.____(why在从句中作谓语动词took的状语，相当于for the reason，从句修饰reason)
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