医药学论文:老年退行性心脏瓣膜病相关因素分析
[关键词] 老年退行性心脏瓣膜病;钙化;超声多普勒;相关因素
The Correlative Factors Of Senile Degenerated Heart Valvular Diseases
Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlative factors of senile degenerated heart valvular diseases(≥60 years of age),and besides,to study further the possible risk factors.Methods A totle of 67 patients with calcificated valve group and 73 patients with nonecalcificated valve group were required. Distribution analyses were made comparisons between the two groups concerning seven relative risk factors: age、sex、hypertension、coronary heart disease、diabetes 、osteoporosis andhyperlipemia .To identify possible risk factors and their powers on the prevalence ofsenile degenerated heart valvular diseases.Results The 7 factors between the two groups provided different statistics descriptions with obviously different distributions concerning the age、hyperlipemia、hypertension、coronary heart disease and osteoporosis. The risk factors included the age、hypertension and osteoporosis.Conclusion Senile degenerated heart valvular diseases was a heart disease that changes with the age. The possible risk factors included the age,hypertension and osteoporosis. Coronary heart disease and hyperlipemia could be relevant to senile degenerated heart valvular diseases.
Key words: Senile degenerated heart valvular diseases (SDHVD); Calcification; Dopplerultrasound; Correlative factors
随着人类寿命的延长和我国人口进入老龄化阶段,老年退行性心脏瓣膜病的发病率越来越高,它能够导致心脑血管意外的发生,成为影响老年人日常生活质量并威胁其生命的一种重要的心血管疾病。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 随机抽查大连市中医医院门诊及住院老年人(≥60岁)140例,根据有无心脏瓣膜钙化分为对照组73例,平均年龄(67.62±6.43)岁;钙化组67例,平均年龄(72.64±8.56)岁。所有病例均除外风湿性心脏病、先天性心脏病、胶原病及感染性心内膜炎所致的瓣膜病变。
1.2 研究方法 选用美国HPSonos 1000彩色超声诊断仪,探头频率为2.5 MHz。患者左侧卧位,于常规切面进行探测。主动脉瓣增厚≥3 mm,回声增强,瓣叶僵硬,活动受限为主动脉瓣钙化;主动脉瓣环处局限性斑块状反射增强≥主动脉根部回声反射为主动脉瓣环钙化[1]。二尖瓣及瓣环与左室后壁间呈斑块状回声增强,且厚度≥3 mm者诊为二尖瓣及瓣环钙化[2]。
1.3 统计学处理 采用SPSS 10.0软件,计量资料用t检验;计数资料用卡方检验;影响因素采用Logistic回归分析,P<0.05为差异有显著性意义,P<0.01为差异具有非常显著性意义。
2 结果
2.1 瓣膜钙化组与对照组相关因素的差异性 两组年龄t检验,结果表明年龄在两组之间的分布差异有非常显著性(P< 0.01)。两组年龄分段后经卡方检验显示:各年龄段与老年退行性心脏瓣膜病都有明显的相关性(P< 0.01),见表1。余6项因素经卡方检验结果表明:高血压、高脂血症、骨质疏松在两组间分布差异有非常显著性(P< 0.01);冠心病在两组间分布差异有显著性(P< 0.05);性别、糖尿病在两组之间的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表2。
图1 心尖五腔切面示主动脉瓣、二尖瓣及瓣环钙化(略)
表1 不同年龄段与老年退行性心脏瓣膜病的相关性(略)
注:P为不同年龄段瓣膜钙化组与对照组经卡方检验的结果。
表2 老年退行性心脏瓣膜病相关因素频数分布及卡方检验结果(略)
注:钙化组包括单纯性主动脉瓣/瓣环钙化和(或)单纯性二尖瓣/瓣环钙化和(或)主动脉瓣/瓣环合并二尖瓣/瓣环钙化;P值为各相关因素钙化组与对照经行卡方检验的结果
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