医药学论文:超声引导下有争议的乳腺肿物活检价值
【关键词】 超声引导; 粗针活检术; 乳腺肿物; 病理学诊断
The value of ultrasound-guided needle biopsy in controvertible breast lesions
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the significance of ultrasound-guided needle biopsy with 14~16G in diagnosis of breast lesions and clinical operational plan.Methord Ultrasound -guided needle biopsy with 14~16G at 106 cases of breast neoplasms which could be detected by US with the third generation device BARD from America was performed and 224 pieces of tissue were collected.Results The successful rate of biopsy was 100%,the tissue was fully satisfied to pathological slice,and the histologic diagnosis rate was 100%,and the coincidence rate compared to the postoperative pathological diagnosis was 99.06%.Conclusion It may have a more important value in pathological diagnosis and surgical treatment that image -guided large core needle biopsy with 14~16G was performed in controvertible breast neoplasms,and may provide a reliable guidance for surgical treatment.
【Key words】 ultrasound -guided; large core needle biopsy; breast neoplasms; pathological diagnosis
近十年来介入性超声取得了重要进展,超声引导下自动活检技术已成为乳腺肿物诊断的重要方法,我们采用14~16G粗针对有争议的乳腺肿物进行活检。通过对106例病人乳腺114个肿物进行组织活检,结合病理诊断,做如下报告。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本组106例均为我院门诊及住院患者,年龄20~69岁,平均43岁,106例中单侧乳腺肿物98例,其中右乳腺56例,左乳腺42例。双侧乳腺8例,共16个肿物。肿物直径在1.0~3.0cm。声像图上均为实性回声,边界基本清楚。其中52例可在肿物周边或内部引出血流信号,病变同侧腋窝淋巴结肿大者23例。
1.2 设备及器械
应用日本东芝8000型高档彩超,配13MHz高频探头,同时配有穿刺引导装置,应用美国BARD三代可调试自动活检装置(简称活检枪)。日本八光(14G、16G)切割针。术前将探头、针具及导向活检装置经甲醛熏箱消毒。
1.3 穿刺前准备
检查出凝血时间,实时彩超观察病变部位、大小、形态及内部周边血流情况,确定穿刺路径。
1.4 穿刺方法
患者取卧位或侧卧位,常规消毒,确定穿刺点,2%利多卡因局麻后,用手术刀片在穿刺点皮肤做一小切口以便顺利进针,在超声引导下进针至病变表面或浅处,测定活检长度及安全范围,击发活检枪后迅速拔针,并且彩超监视下清晰可见进针路径。每一病变处不同部位取材2~4次后,局部消毒后按压5~10min,创可贴贴封穿刺点,完成活检过程。组织条放入装有10%福尔马林固定液的小瓶内,进行常规病理检查。
2 结果
106例共计114个肿物均成功获得组织条,成功率100%。106例中114个肿物共取出224个组织条,最少2条,最多4条。其质量完全满足组织学检查需要,长度不得<3mm[1],本组病例长度均>7mm,宽度>1mm。106例均进行外科手术,除1例术前活检病理诊断为乳腺增生,术后病理诊断乳腺小叶癌外,105例穿刺小标本与大体标本病理诊断相符,总符合率99.06%,仅1例取材后压迫时间过短造成局部淤血。其余105例无任何不良反应。106例乳腺肿物术前活检病理与术后病理结果比较如表1。表1 106例乳腺肿物术前活检病理与术后病理结果比较(略)
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