医药学论文:应用SRKT公式预测高度轴性近视白内障眼人工晶体度数的误差分析及校正
[关键词] 高度近视;白内障;人工晶体;SRKT;误差;校正
Error analysis and correction of the IOL formula for patients with cataract and high axial myopia
[Abstract] Objective To analyse the error of SRKT IOL formula for the patients with cataract and high myopia,find a suitable way to correct the error. Methods Calculated 107 eyes IOL power with SRKT formula,all axial lengths were longer than 26.0mm.Three months after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation,the postoperative refractions were recorded and compared with predictive refractions. Analysed the correlation between the error and the axial length,corneal curvature. Results For these patients,the mean error is +0.54 D(+3.1125 D~ -1.25 D).With the increase of axial lengths,the error changes,the trend is from myopia to hyperopia.We get the regression equation y=-8.790+0.317x(r=0.708,P=0.000).No correlatiom exists between the error and the corneal curvature. Conclusion The error exist when use SRKT IOL formula for patients with cataract and high axial myopia,with the axial lengths increase,the error tend to increase.For avoiding postoperative hyperopia, when select the SRKT formula for the patients with cataract and high myopia,some myopia refractive power should be preset.
[Key words] high myopia;cataract;IOL;SRKT;error;correction
现代白内障手术在摘除混浊晶状体、植入人工晶体的同时,也通过选择人工晶体的度数而尽可能将患者术后裸眼视力调整到最佳状态。因此,在术前准确选择植入的人工晶体度数显得格外重要。一些因素引起晶状体度数计算误差,戴锦辉[1]等报道造成误差的原因包括:(1)眼轴长度测量误差(引起的误差值为0.86 D);(2)角膜曲率测量误差(0.45 D);(3)人工晶体公式计算误差(1.12 D),其中人工晶体公式的误差最大。高度轴性近视白内障眼由于其病理解剖因素存在而导致计算误差更大。观察应用SRKT公式计算的轴性高度近视白内障患者术后实际屈光状态与预留度数间的偏差情况,探寻减少误差的方法。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选择我院于2004年1月~2005年6月所做的高度近视合并白内障患者76例共107眼,其中男30例,女46例,年龄36~79岁,平均61.5岁,术前采用法国产BVICineScanA/B超测量眼轴长度,均≥26.0 mm(眼轴长度26~28:35眼;28~30:26眼;30~32:29眼,32以上17眼)。
1.2 术前检查 每位患者术前均测量屈光度、角膜曲率,应用SRKT公式计算人工晶体度数。B超排除视网膜脱离、玻璃体出血等疾病。
1.3 手术方式及术后检查 采用3.2 mm上方透明角膜切口,环形撕囊,白内障超声乳化并折叠人工晶体囊袋内植入术,在预留一定(-0.75 D~-5.00 D)近视度数等基础上选择适当的度数植入人工晶体,术中、术后均无并发症出现。术后3个月测量术眼的屈光度数(等值球镜),计算术后屈光度数与SRKT预测屈光度数的差值。
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