医药学论文：第5、6颈椎横突综合征的解剖学研究

 【摘要】 目的 观察第5、6颈椎横突的形态及相毗邻的神经。方法 解剖成尸颈部15例（30侧），观测第5、6颈椎横突前、后结节，前斜角肌和相毗邻的神经血管。结果 第5颈椎横突前结节横径为6.9±1.4(4.2～8.9)mm，纵径为3.5±0.6(2.6～5.2)mm。后结节横径为6.9±0.6(6.0～8.6)mm，纵径为3.8±1.3(2.4～8.0)mm。第6颈椎横突前结节横径为6.8±1.4(5.0～9.6)mm，纵径为3.8±0.5(3.0～5.0)mm。后结节横径为 6.2±1.6(3.9～9.3)mm，纵径为3.8±0.4(3.2～4.4)mm。前斜角肌中部宽15.9±1.4(13.2～17.9)mm，厚12.2±1.0(10.6～13.6)mm。膈神经宽径为1.9±0.2(1.5～2.3)mm，厚径为0.8±0.1(0.5～1.0)mm。颈交感干宽径为1.5±0.4(1.0～2.4)mm，厚径为0.8±0.1(0.5～1.0)mm。椎动脉直径为3.1±0.7(2.0～4.4)mm。肩胛背神经宽径1.6±0.5(1.3～2.5)mm，厚径0.8±0.1(0.6～1.1)mm。肩胛上神经宽径1.9±0.4(1.4～2.9)mm，厚径1.3±0.5(0.5～2.1)mm。结论 第5、6颈椎横突过于前凸，可累及相邻的血管、神经称为第5、6颈椎横突综合征。

 

【关键词】 第5、6颈椎横突；椎动脉；颈神经沟；颈神经根；肩胛背神经

 

Anatomical research of the 5th and 6th transverse process syndrome of cervical vertebrae

 

 

 

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the appearance and adjacent nerve of the 5th and 6th transverse process of cervical vertebrae.Methods 30 adult cadaveric cervix of 15 patients were dissected to observe the anterior and posterior tubercle， scalenus anterior and mutually adjacent nerve of the 5th and 6th transverse of cervical vertebrae.Results The anterior tubercle of the 5th transverse of cervical vertebrae the transverse diameter is 6.9±1.4(4.2～8.9)mm， the lengthways diameter is 3.5±0.6(2.6～5.2)mm. The posterior tubercle of the 5th transverse of cervical vertebrae the transverse diameter is 6.9±0.6(6.0～8.6)mm， the lengthways diameter is 3.8±1.3(2.4～8.0)mm. The anterior tubercle of the 6th transverse of cervical vertebrae the transverse diameter is 6.8±1.4(5.0～9.6)mm， the lengthways diameter is 3.8±0.5(3.0～5.0)mm. The posterior tubercle of the 6th transverse of cervical vertebrae the transverse diameter is 6.2±1.6(3.9～9.3)mm， the lengthways diameter is 3.8±0.4(3.2～4.4)mm. The width of scalenus anterior central part is 15.9±1.4(13.2～17.9)mm， the thickness of that is 12.2±1.0(10.6～13.6)mm. The width of the phrenic nerve tracts 1.9±0.2(1.5～2.3)mm， the thickness is 0.8±0.1(0.5～1.0)mm. The width of the cervical sympathetic truck is 1.5±0.4(1.0～2.4)mm， the thickness is 0.8±0.1(0.5～1.0)mm. The diameter of vertebral artery is 3.1±0.4(2.0～4.4)mm. The width of dorsal scapular nerve is 1.6±0.5(1.3～2.5)mm， the thickness is 0.8±0.1(0.6～1.1)mm. The width of suprascapular nerve is 1.9±0.4(1.4～2.9)mm， the thickness is 1.3±0.5(0.5～2.1)mm.Conclusion The 5th and 6th transverse process of cervical vertebrae is convex too much， influencing the adjoining nerve vascular is named with the syndrome of 5th and 6th transverse process of cervical vertebrae.