医药学论文:经尿道钬激光治疗浅表性膀胱癌
【摘要】 目的 探讨钬激光(Ho∶YAG)治疗浅表性膀胱癌的方法及疗效。方法 采用经尿道钬激光治疗浅表性膀胱癌12例。结果 所有患者手术均一次成功,无并发症,包括严重出血、膀胱穿孔及闭孔神经反射等。12例获随访,随诊时间5~13个月,1例膀胱肿瘤异位复发,无原位复发。结论 经尿道钬激光治疗浅表性膀胱癌具有操作简单、副反应少、安全有效等优点,可望成为治疗浅表性膀胱癌的一种标准术式。
【关键词】 浅表性膀胱癌;钬激光
Holmium:YAG laser resection for superficial bladder cancer
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the value of Ho∶YAG laser in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer.Methods Clinical data of 12 cases of superficial bladder tumor treated with endoscopic holmium laser were analyzed.Results The procedure were performed successful in all cases with no complication.Side effects such as uncontrollable bleeding,perforation of bladder,and obturator nerve reflection were not found.12 cases were followed up for 5 to 13 months,and tumor recurrence were found in 1 case.Conclusion Holmium:YAG laser vaporization of superficial bladder tumours is feasible,easy and fast,with a high degree of patient satisfaction,and it seems to be an attractive alternative to standard treatment.
【Key words】 superficial bladder cancer;holmium:YAG laser
经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术的术中易出现电切综合征、闭孔神经反射导致膀胱穿孔等危险。近年来,将激光导入腔内行腔内肿瘤切除,有效地避免了这些危险。我们也采用经尿道钬激光治疗12例浅表性膀胱癌,效果良好,报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 本组12例,男8例,女4例,年龄31~81岁,平均56.3岁。其中肉眼血尿10例,镜下血尿2例;初发9例,复发3例;肿瘤单发7例,多发5例;肿瘤有蒂9例,直径0.3~2.5cm。经B超、CT、膀胱镜活检确诊。复发者以往曾接受膀胱部分切除、经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切治疗。
1.2 治疗方法 采用美国Coherent激光公司提供的60W钬激光系统,550μm直射式钬激光光纤,使用钬激光能量1.0~2.0J,频率10~20Hz,功率10~40W。腰麻或连续硬膜外麻醉,取截石位,消毒铺巾,经尿道放入Wolf F9.8输尿管镜,确定肿瘤位置。由输尿管镜操作孔置入550μm光导纤维,启动钬激光器,将瞄准光对准肿瘤,气化、切除膀胱肿瘤。术后留置导尿管1~2天,术后开始常规灌注吡柔比星,20~40mg/次,1次/周,2个月后如无复发,改1次/月,每3个月复查1次膀胱镜。
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