医药学论文:细胞培养法评价生物材料生物相容性研究进展
细胞培养法检测材料生物相容性是一种快速、简便、重复性好又价廉的方法,在材料生物相容性评价中起着越来越重要的作用。由于新材料不断涌现、材料植入体内的部位及使用目的日趋繁杂、材料毒性作用的强弱以及与机体反应的复杂性等因素决定了细胞毒性试验中实验方法及实验细胞的多样性。根据生物材料本身的理化特性、植入体内的部位及使用目的选择适当的实验方法和实验细胞至关重要。以往对材料生物相容性的评价往往着眼于细胞的形态与数量的变化,近几年来研究材料对细胞生长、附着、增殖及代谢方面影响的报道日趋增多,并提出了以有活力的细胞数和细胞生长作为材料生物相容性评价标准的观点。通过结合免疫、化学、放射及影像学等多学科的技术发展,使人们进一步深入了解细胞结构和功能的变化关系,进而阐明材料对细胞的作用机制,是今后细胞培养法评价材料生物相容性的发展方向。
Abstract It is quick convient good-repeating and cheap that examining the biotic materials compatibility through cell-culturing method,and it is more and more important in evaluating the compatibility of biotic material.The new material appeating continously complicating of the part and aim material be planted in the intensity of materials toxic effect the reactions complication of material and biotic body,all of these decide the variety of experiment method and cells in cell toxicity experiment.It is very important that choices the right experiment method and cells according to the materials character the part and aim the material be planted in .The evaluation of biotic materials compatibility stressed on the changing of cells form and quantity before.Inrecent years,more and more reports appear about material influeances the growth.adhesion proliferation and metabolizing of cell.and presents the point that the evaluation standard of biotic materials compatibility should be set according to the active cells quantity and their growth.Combining many subjects technological development,such as immunology, chemistry,radiation and shadowgraphy,thoroughly inquires the changeing relation of cells structure and funtion,furtherly clarifes the materials effect on cell,It is the developing direction in the future that evaluates the biotic materials compatibility in cedd-culturing method.
生物材料的临床应用已有较长的历史,广泛应用于牙科、眼科、整形外科及心血管外科领域。目前美每年有2-3百万人工脏器或假肢植入人体中。生物材料不仅要具有临床使用时所需要的理化性能,还必须具有良好的生物相容性,以保证使用安全。如何快速准确地评价材料的生物相容性,对于研制新材料和缩短研究周期起着重要的作用[1]。
1 细胞毒性试验方法的进展
细胞毒性试验由于细胞培养方式(如单层细胞培养、细胞悬液与材料混合培养、细胞在材料上培养等)的不同,细胞与材料之间有无间质(即细胞直接与材料或其浸出液接触,还是通过间质接触)以及材料毒性成份(即材料本身、浸出物、扩散物或材料降解产物等)不同决定了细胞毒性试验方法的多样性。根据细胞和材料之间有无间质可以将细胞毒性试验方法分为间接法与直接法两大类。
最典型的间接法是琼脂覆盖法,该法是Dubecco在1952年首先提出[4]。其方法是将含有培养液的琼层平铺在有单层细胞的培养皿中,再在固化的琼脂层上放上试样进行细胞培养。此法优点是不管试验材料是什么形态(膜、粉末或油脂状)等都适用。但该法敏感性受试样溶出物琼脂层上扩散程度的影响。当溶出物分子量小,易溶于水,其毒性发现早且较强。反之即使有毒的材料,如溶出物分子量大并难溶于水,使用该法时材料毒性就难以表现出来。
Abstract It is quick convient good-repeating and cheap that examining the biotic materials compatibility through cell-culturing method,and it is more and more important in evaluating the compatibility of biotic material.The new material appeating continously complicating of the part and aim material be planted in the intensity of materials toxic effect the reactions complication of material and biotic body,all of these decide the variety of experiment method and cells in cell toxicity experiment.It is very important that choices the right experiment method and cells according to the materials character the part and aim the material be planted in .The evaluation of biotic materials compatibility stressed on the changing of cells form and quantity before.Inrecent years,more and more reports appear about material influeances the growth.adhesion proliferation and metabolizing of cell.and presents the point that the evaluation standard of biotic materials compatibility should be set according to the active cells quantity and their growth.Combining many subjects technological development,such as immunology, chemistry,radiation and shadowgraphy,thoroughly inquires the changeing relation of cells structure and funtion,furtherly clarifes the materials effect on cell,It is the developing direction in the future that evaluates the biotic materials compatibility in cedd-culturing method.
生物材料的临床应用已有较长的历史,广泛应用于牙科、眼科、整形外科及心血管外科领域。目前美每年有2-3百万人工脏器或假肢植入人体中。生物材料不仅要具有临床使用时所需要的理化性能,还必须具有良好的生物相容性,以保证使用安全。如何快速准确地评价材料的生物相容性,对于研制新材料和缩短研究周期起着重要的作用[1]。
1 细胞毒性试验方法的进展
细胞毒性试验由于细胞培养方式(如单层细胞培养、细胞悬液与材料混合培养、细胞在材料上培养等)的不同,细胞与材料之间有无间质(即细胞直接与材料或其浸出液接触,还是通过间质接触)以及材料毒性成份(即材料本身、浸出物、扩散物或材料降解产物等)不同决定了细胞毒性试验方法的多样性。根据细胞和材料之间有无间质可以将细胞毒性试验方法分为间接法与直接法两大类。
最典型的间接法是琼脂覆盖法,该法是Dubecco在1952年首先提出[4]。其方法是将含有培养液的琼层平铺在有单层细胞的培养皿中,再在固化的琼脂层上放上试样进行细胞培养。此法优点是不管试验材料是什么形态(膜、粉末或油脂状)等都适用。但该法敏感性受试样溶出物琼脂层上扩散程度的影响。当溶出物分子量小,易溶于水,其毒性发现早且较强。反之即使有毒的材料,如溶出物分子量大并难溶于水,使用该法时材料毒性就难以表现出来。
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