From the passage we learn that ________.

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• 1The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children ________.

  A.usually obey without asking questions

  B.are passive in the process of learning to speak

  C.are born cooperative

  D.learn to speak by listening

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• 2The third paragraph is mainly about ________.

  A.the development of babies’ early forms of language

  B.the difficulties of babies in learning to speak

  C.babies’ strong desire to communicate

  D.babies’ intention to communicate

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• 3By “... challenges explanation” (Line 2, Par

  A.1) the author means that ________.A.no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenon

  B.no explanation has been made up to now

  C.it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanation

  D.it’s high time that an explanation was provided

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• 4“Shadowland” in the last sentence refers to ________.

  A.the wonderland one often dreams about

  B.the bright future that one is looking forward to

  C.the state of uncertainty before one’s final goal is reached

  D.a world that exists only in one’s imagination

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• 5“... People who die wondering, What if、” (Line 3, Par

  A.3) refers to “those ________”.A.who think too much of the dark side of life

  B.who regret giving up their career halfway

  C.who think a lot without making a decision

  D.who are full of imagination even upon death

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• 6The best title for this passage would be ________.

  A.How Babies Learn to Speak

  B.Early Forms of Language

  C.A Huge Task for Children

  D.Noise Making and Language Learning

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• 7Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ________.

  A.the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards

  B.the amount of monetary rewards for student’ creativity

  C.the study of relationship between actions and their consequences

  D.the effects of external rewards on students’ performance

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• 8What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students、

  A.They have no doubts about them.

  B.They have doubts about them.

  C.They approve of them.

  D.They avoid talking about them.

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• 9Which of the following can best raise students’ creativity according to Robert Eisenberger、

  A.Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.

  B.Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.

  C.Giving them rewards they really deserve.

  D.Giving them rewards they anticipat

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• 10It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ________.

  A.rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students

  B.punishment is more effective than rewarding

  C.failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards

  D.discouraging the students’ anticipation for easy rewards is a matter of urgency

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