Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ________.

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• 1The best title for this passage would be ________.

  A.How Babies Learn to Speak

  B.Early Forms of Language

  C.A Huge Task for Children

  D.Noise Making and Language Learning

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• 2From the passage we learn that ________.

  A.early starters can learn to speak within only six months

  B.children show a strong desire to communicate by making noises

  C.imitation plays an important role in learning to speak

  D.children have various difficulties in learning to speak

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• 3The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children ________.

  A.usually obey without asking questions

  B.are passive in the process of learning to speak

  C.are born cooperative

  D.learn to speak by listening

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• 4The third paragraph is mainly about ________.

  A.the development of babies’ early forms of language

  B.the difficulties of babies in learning to speak

  C.babies’ strong desire to communicate

  D.babies’ intention to communicate

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• 5By “... challenges explanation” (Line 2, Par

  A.1) the author means that ________.A.no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenon

  B.no explanation has been made up to now

  C.it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanation

  D.it’s high time that an explanation was provided

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• 6What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students、

  A.They have no doubts about them.

  B.They have doubts about them.

  C.They approve of them.

  D.They avoid talking about them.

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• 7Which of the following can best raise students’ creativity according to Robert Eisenberger、

  A.Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.

  B.Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.

  C.Giving them rewards they really deserve.

  D.Giving them rewards they anticipat

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• 8It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ________.

  A.rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students

  B.punishment is more effective than rewarding

  C.failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards

  D.discouraging the students’ anticipation for easy rewards is a matter of urgency

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• 9The phrase “token economies” (Line 1, Par

  A.5) probably refers to ________.A.ways to develop economy

  B.systems of rewarding students

  C.approaches to solving problems

  D.methods of improving performance

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