A male，age 36 ，has isotonic dehydration caused by adhesive intestinal obstruction for 4 days. The preferred supplem entary treatment is（    ）

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• 1A 34-year-old female with isotonic dehydration induced by enterostom y is given high-dose NaCl IV . It can result in（    ）

  A.Hyperkalemia

  B.Hypomagnesemia

  C.Hyperchloremia

  D.Hypernatremia

  E.Hypochloremia

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• 2A 60-year- old female presents with continued periumbilical stomachache with vomiting for one week. Bowel sound is active. X-ray abdominal plain film reveals colonic obstruction. Which of the following is NOT a common cause of large intestine obstruction?（    ）

  A.Enterostenosis

  B.Ulcerative colitis

  C.Indigitation

  D.Volvulus

  E.Tumor

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• 3The most common involved vessel of mesenteric vascular ischemic diseases is（    ）

  A.Superior mesenteric artery

  B.Superior mesenteric vein

  C.Inferior mesenteric artery

  D.Inferior mesenteric vein

  E.All above

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• 4If the initial part of SMA is embolized，which part of intestine will be involved?（    ）

  A.duodenum，jejunum，ileum

  B.small intestine and colon

  C.small intestine，cecum and ascending colon

  D.ascending colon and transverse colon

  E.descending colon，sigmoid colon and rectum

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• 5A 50-year male with paroxysmal abdominal pain for 6 days，nausea and abdominal distension for days admitted to the ER. Physical examination showed abdominal bulge and visible peristalsis. Active bowl sound and gurgling could be heard by auscultation.  X-ray showed fluid level in the dilated small intestine in the middle abdomen and a small a-mount of gas in the colon. The most possible diagnosis is ：（    ）

  A.Paralytic intestinal obstruction

  B.Lower-level small intestinal obstruction

  C.Higher-level small intestinal obstruction

  D.Necrostic enteritis

  E.Sigmoid volvulus

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• 6For a symptomatic partial duodenal obstruction secondary to an annular pancreas，the operative treatm ent of choice is（    ）

  A.A Whipple procedure

  B.Gastrojejunostomy

  C.Vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy

  D.Partial resection of the annular pancreas

  E.Duodenojejunostomy

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• 7A 70-year-old woman has nausea， vom iting， abdominal distention， and episodic，crampy midabdominal pain. She has no history of previous surgery but has a long history of cholelithiasis fo r w hich she has refused surgery.  H er abdominal radiograph reveals aspherical density in the right low er quadrant. Correct treatm ent should consist of（    ）

  A.Ileocolectomy

  B.Cholecystectomy

  C.Ueotomy and extraction

  D.Nasogastric tube decompression

  E.Intravenous antibiotics

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• 8A 28-year-old previously healthy woman arrives in the emergency room complai­ning of 24h of anorexia and nausea and low er abdominal pain that is more intense in the right low er quadrant than elsewhere. On exam ination she has peritoneal signs o f the right low er quadrant and a rectal tem perature of 38. 38℃ (101. 8 。F ). At exploration throughincision of the right lower quadrant，she is found to have a small?contained perforation of acecal diverticulum . Which of the follow ing statements re（

  A.Cecal diverticula are acquired disorders

  B.Cecal diverticula are usually multiple

  C.Cecal diverticula are mucosal herniations through the muscularis propria

  D.Diverticulectomy，closure of the cecal defect，and appendectomy may be indicated

  E.A nileocolectomy is indicated even with well-localized inflam mation

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• 9男性，40岁，因肠梗阻2天急诊收住入院，剖腹探查发现结肠、小肠高度扩张，盆底有数枚。2cm左右的结节，直肠前壁于腹膜返折处有一肿块，占肠管3/4，侵及全层，最佳的手术方法为（    ）

  A.Miles手术

  B.Dixon手术

  C.Bacon手术

  D.Hartmann手术

  E.Drhamel手术

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• 10男性，60岁，因便血2周来院就诊。体格检查一般情况良好，腹部无肿块，直肠指诊未及肿块，乙状结肠镜检查发现距肛缘12cm处一肿块，呈菜花状，2cm×2cm大小。最佳的手术方法为（    ）

  A.Miles手术

  B.Dixon手术

  C.Bacon手术

  D.Hartmann手术

  E.Drhamel手术

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