男性，64岁。因头晕、黑矇一年来诊。查体：心率42次/分，心律整齐，心音强弱不等，可闻及大炮音。最可能的诊断是

试卷相关题目

• 1患儿幼年曾怀疑先天性心脏病，室间隔缺损，则心脏查体时可触及的震颤是

  A.胸骨左缘第二肋间舒张期震颤

  B.胸骨右缘第二肋间收缩期震颤

  C.胸骨左缘第二肋间收缩期震颤

  D.胸骨右缘第二肋间舒张期震颤

  E.胸骨左缘第三、四肋间收缩期震颤

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• 2A 25-year-old man presents with right chest pain， tightness and dyspnea in sudden onset.Which of the following is most likely to be seen at physical examination

  A.chest varication

  B.subcutaneous emphysema

  C.right intercostal retraction

  D.tenderness of chest wall

  E.sternum pain in percussion

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• 3A 62-year-old man complains of cough and expectoration for more than 20 years and a resent dyspne

  A.Which of the following is most unlikely to be seen at physical examinationA.intercostal space bulging

  B.the gradient of the costal decreased

  C.subcutaneous crepitus

  D.barrel chest

  E.cyanosis

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• 4A 37-year-old woman complains of hectic fever， night sweat， acratia， emaciated for more than 1 year.Which of the following may be detected at physical examination

  A.flat chest

  B.barrel chest

  C.rachitic chest

  D.chest bulging in one side

  E.funnel chest

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• 5A 48-year-old woman presents with a tough， rough， unmovable and painless mass in left breast through breast self-examination. Which of the following is most unlikely to be seen

  A.local peau deorange

  B.nipple retraction

  C.bloody secretion of nipple

  D.local red swelling and pain

  E.axillary lymphadenectasis and adhesions

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• 6男，5岁。于胸骨左缘2肋间闻及S2分裂，吸气相明显，呼吸消失。则最可能是

  A.S2固定分裂

  B.肺动脉高压

  C.S2生理性分裂

  D.房间隔缺损

  E.S2反常分裂

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• 7心源性水肿最可能伴随的症状是

  A.颜面水肿

  B.肝颈静脉回流征阳性

  C.肝大

  D.腹水

  E.伴胸水和肺部啰音

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• 8男性，38岁。心悸3个月。体检：胸骨左缘第3～4肋间闻及收缩期吹风样、粗糙的杂音，伴有震颤，Valsalva动作（吸气后紧闭声门，用力做呼气动作）时杂音增强。该患者最有可能的诊断是

  A.主动脉瓣狭窄

  B.主动脉瓣关闭不全

  C.二尖瓣关闭不全

  D.主动脉瓣关闭不全

  E.肥厚型梗阻性心肌病

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• 9患者女性，30岁。因进行性心悸、气促3个月来诊。查体发现BP90/70mmHg，心界向双侧扩大，随体位改变，奇脉，心率120次/分，律齐，心音低弱遥远，无病理性杂音。则诊断最可能是

  A.甲状腺功能低下

  B.扩张型心肌病，全心衰

  C.心包积液

  D.大面积心肌梗死

  E.心肌炎

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• 10男性，7岁。学校体检发现心脏杂音1个月。无自觉症状。查体：心尖区闻及收缩早期2/6级柔和吹风样杂音，不传导。最可能是

  A.二尖瓣关闭不全

  B.生理性杂音

  C.室间隔缺损

  D.二尖瓣狭窄

  E.主动脉瓣关闭不全

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