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1(江苏)已知A与a、B与b、C与c 3对等位基因自由组合,基因型分别为AaBbCc、AabbCc的两个体进行杂交。下列关于杂交后代的推测,正确的是 ( )
A.表现型有8种,AaBbCc个体的比例为1/16
B.表现型有4种,aaBbcc个体的比例为1/16
C.表现型有8种,Aabbcc个体的比例为1/8
D.表现型有8种,aaBbCc个体的比例为1/16
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2(江苏)下列有关孟德尔豌豆杂交实验的叙述,正确的是 ( )
A.孟德尔在豌豆开花时进行去雄和授粉,实现亲本的杂交
B.孟德尔研究豌豆花的构造,但无需考虑雌蕊、雄蕊的发育程度
C.孟德尔根据亲本中不同个体表现型来判断亲本是否纯合
D.孟德尔利用了豌豆自花传粉、闭花受粉的特性
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3下列判断细胞死活的方法中,表述正确的是 ( )①将植物细胞置于较高浓度的KNO3溶液中,发生质壁分离并自动复原的是活细胞②观察线粒体实验中,发现线粒体被染色的则细胞一定是死细胞③观察叶绿体实验中,叶绿体能移动的是活细胞④在显微镜下观察到被台盼蓝染色的酵母菌为活细胞
A.①②
B.①③
C.②③
D.②④
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4某研究性学习小组在调查人群中的遗传病时,以“研究×××病的遗传方式”为子课题,选择调查的遗传病与方法恰当的是 ( )
A.红绿色盲,在患者家系中调查
B.白化病,在学校内随机抽样调查
C.红绿色盲,在市中心随机抽样调查
D.青少年型糖尿病,在患者家系中调查
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5假说——演绎法是现代科学研究中常用的一种科学方法。下列属于孟德尔在发现基因分离定律时的“演绎”过程的是 ( )
A.生物的性状是由遗传因子决定的
B.由F2出现了“3:1”推测生物体产生配子时,成对遗传因子彼此分离
C.若F1产生配子时成对遗传因子分离,则测交后代会出现两种性状比接近1:1
D.若F1产生配子时成对遗传因子分离,则F2中三种基因型个体比接近1:2:1
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6人类常色体上β-珠蛋白基因(A+)既有显性突变(A)又有隐性突变(a),突变均可导致地中海贫血。一对皆患地中海盆血的夫妻生下了一个正常的孩子,这对夫妻可能( )
A.都是纯合子(体)
B.都是杂合子(体)
C.都不携带显性突变基因
D.都携带隐性突变基因
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7(广东理科基础).基因A、a和基因B、b分别位于不同对的同源染色体上,一个亲本与aabb测交,子代基因型为AaBb和Aabb,分离比为1:l,则这个亲本基因型为( )
A.AABb
B.AaBb
C.AAbb
D.AaBB
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8(江苏)对性腺组织细胞进行荧光标记,等位基因A、a都被标记为黄色,等位基因B、b都被标记为绿色,在荧光显微镜下观察处于四分体时期的细胞。有关推测合理的( )
A.若这2对基因在1对同源染色体上,则有1个四分体中出现2个黄色、2个绿色荧光点
B.若这2对基因在1对同源染色体上,则有1个四分体中出现4个黄色、4个绿色荧光点
C.若这2对基因在2对同源染色体上,则有1个四分体中出现2个黄色、2个绿色荧光点
D.若这2对基因在2对同源染色体上,则有1个四分体中出现4个黄色、4个绿色荧光点
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9某雌(XX)雄(XY)异株植物,其叶形有阔叶和窄叶两种类型,由一对等位基因控制。现有三组杂交实验,结果如下表:下列有关表格数据的分析,错误的是 ( )<table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 23.4pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowspan="2" width="72">杂交组合</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 72pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="96" colspan="2">亲代表现型</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 189pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="252" colspan="2">子代表现型及株数</td></tr><tr style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">父本</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">母本</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="120">雌株</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 99pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="132">雄株</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="72">1</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">阔叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">阔叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="120">阔叶234</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 99pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.95pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="132">阔叶119、窄叶122</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 16.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="72">2</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">窄叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">阔叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="120">阔叶83、窄叶78</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 99pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="132">阔叶79、窄叶80</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 16.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 54pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="72">3</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">阔叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="48">窄叶</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 90pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="120">阔叶131</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 99pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="132">窄叶127</td></tr></tbody></table>
A.根据第2组实验,无法判断两种叶形的显隐性关系
B.根据第1组或3组实验可以确定控制叶形基因位于X染色体上
C.用第2组的子代阔叶雌株与阔叶雄株杂交,后代性状分离比为3:1
D.用第1组子代的阔叶雌株与窄叶雄株杂交,后代窄叶植株占1/2
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10下列关于科学实验及方法的叙述正确的是 ( )
A.在探究遗传物质的实验中,艾弗里对DNA和蛋白质等大分子进行了分离
B.沃森和克里克研究DNA分子结构时,运用了建构物理模型的方法
C.孟德尔杂交实验中的测交是提出假说的基础
D.萨顿借助类比推理得出的结论“基因在染色体上”肯定是科学的
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