某房地产投资项目的初始投资额为400万元，经营期为5年，基准收益率为10%，净现值为168.62万元，若每年年末的净现金流量相等，则每年年末的净现金流量为（　）万元。

试卷相关题目

• 1某人拟于每年年末按年利率5%存入3万元，则第3年末全部存款本息之和与10万元相差（　）元（假设按复利计息）。

  A.10000

  B.9524

  C.7396

  D.5425

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 2在假设开发法中，开发经营期的起点是（假设）（　）的时间。

  A.取得估价对象

  B.估价对象建成

  C.估价对象开始施工

  D.估价对象开始租售

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 3评估一片区位和景观很好的适宜建造高档别墅的“荒地”价值，适宜采用（　）。

  A.成本法

  B.收益法

  C.投资法

  D.假设开发法

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 4在房地产估价时，选取较高资本化率的原因是（　）

  A.投资风险较大

  B.案例利率较低

  C.收益较小

  D.收益较稳定

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 5某幢住宅的重置价格为3000/平方米，因附近修建了一座工厂使其市场价值降低到2500元/平方米。该幢住宅的这种价值损失属于（　）

  A.物质折旧

  B.功能折旧

  C.有形损耗

  D.经济折旧

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 6某房地产投资项目每年的现金流量如下表所示，基准收益率为10%，该项目的表态投资回收期在（　）之间。<table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 53.5pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid" valign="top" width="71">年份</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52">0</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 33.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="45">1</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52">2</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 35.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="47">3</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">4</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">5</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid" valign="top" width="53">6</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 53.5pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="71">现金流入</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52"></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 33.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="45"></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52">250</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 35.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="47">250</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">250</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">250</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">250</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 53.5pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid" valign="top" width="71">现金流出</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52">500</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 33.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="45">50</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 38.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="52">30</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 35.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="47">30</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">30</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .75pt" valign="top" width="53">30</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.1pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: black .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: windowtext .5pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid" valign="top" width="53">30</td></tr></tbody></table>

  A.第二年与第三年

  B.第三年与第四年

  C.第四年与第五年

  D.第五年与第六年

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 7某房地产投资者有四个独立的投资项目可供选择，其数据如下表所示。各项目每年年末的净收益都相同，经营5年后转售。若基准收益率为12%，可利用资金总额为2000万元时，该投资都可选择的项目为（　）                                                           单位：万元<table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 14.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">投资项目</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">初期投资额</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">每年净收益</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 14.95pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">内部收益率</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 62.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">甲乙丙丁</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">600650700900</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">220170235250</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 78.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="105">24%10%20%12%</td></tr></tbody></table>　

  A.甲、丙

  B.甲、丁

  C.丙、丁

  D.甲、乙、丙

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 8某房地产开发公司现有两个互斥投资方案可供选择，各方案的初期投资额及净收益如下表所示，其寿命期均为5年，不计残值。当基准收益率为10%时，用差额法计算的NPV（乙-甲）值（　）。单位：万元<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="116">投资方案</td><td valign="top" width="116">初期投资</td><td valign="top" width="116">净收益</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="116">甲乙</td><td valign="top" width="116">30004000</td><td valign="top" width="116">9001200</td></tr></tbody></table>　

  A.大于100万元

  B.等于零

  C.小于零

  D.等于100万元

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 9某房地产开发公司有四个寿命期为一年的互斥投资方案，根据下表中的数据，应用追加投资收益率选择方案时，（　）无资格方案。单位：万元<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="116">方案</td><td valign="top" width="116">投资额</td><td valign="top" width="116">净收益</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="116">甲乙丙丁</td><td valign="top" width="116">400500600700</td><td valign="top" width="116">8098115130</td></tr></tbody></table>　

  A.没有

  B.有一个

  C.有二个

  D.有三个

  开始考试点击查看答案
• 10房地产投资风险中的动态风险是由于企业的经营管理状况和（　）带来的风险。

  A.意外事件的发生

  B.市场需求的变动

  C.自然灾害

  D.国家政策的变化

  开始考试点击查看答案