1孔子主张“仁者,爱人”,墨子主张“兼爱”“非攻”,孟子主张“政在得民”。这些主张产生的共同的社会背景是
A.社会动荡矛盾尖锐
B.百家争鸣趋于合流
C.奴隶制度全面崩溃
D.封建制度最终确立
开始考试练习点击查看答案2以下是著名学者对春秋战国时期“诸子百家”及其学说的评价,其中属于评价老子及其道家学说的是
A.崇功利,尚干涉,巩固君权,抑制民权。(苏渊雷)
B.人对自然只能任(顺从) 和法(效法),不能违背它。(范文澜)
C.同情公室,反对私门,一味开倒车。(郭沫若)
D.其思想深信政府万能,而不承认人类个性之神圣。(梁启超)
开始考试练习点击查看答案3下列战国时期百家争鸣的主张中,反映了当时社会发展趋势的是
A.民贵君轻
B.兼爱尚贤
C.中央集权
D.无为而治
开始考试练习点击查看答案4“文王行仁义而王天下,偃王行仁义而丧其国,是仁义用于古而不用于今也。故曰:‘世异则事异’。”这段话反映了
A.孟子的“仁政”学说
B.墨子的“兼爱”思想
C.韩非的变法革新主张
D.庄子的“齐物”观点
开始考试练习点击查看答案5孟子曾批判某家学说:“是无父也。无父无君,是禽兽也”。司马迁也说它:“使天下法若此,则尊卑无别也。”他们批判的是
A.儒家的“仁政”思想
B.墨家的“兼爱”思想
C.法家的“刑不避大夫”思想
D.荀子的“性恶论”思想
开始考试练习点击查看答案6董仲舒曾说:“是故王者上谨于承天意,以顺命也;下务明教化民,以成性也;正法度之宜,别上下之序,以防欲也;修此三者,而大本举矣。”对这一段话的正确理解是
A.主张君权神授,民众应绝对顺从
B.感叹人性本恶,呼唤王道
C.主张“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”
D.主张王者承天命而教化人民
开始考试练习点击查看答案7历史学家许倬云说:“佛教进入中国其引发的影响,……既带来了另一种思维,也迫使中国固有的思想体系不断与佛教互动,终于融合为中国型的思想体系。”符合这一表述的思想家是
A.董仲舒
B.朱熹
C.李贽
D.王夫之
开始考试练习点击查看答案8明末清初,进步思想家黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之与宋明理学家在无私无畏、襟怀磊落等精神上一脉相承,但彼此意义有巨大差异。其中,最大的差别是前者
A.认为儒家学者掌握“道”
B.宣传民主革命思想主张
C.彻底抨击宗教思想体系
D.猛烈批判君主专制统治
开始考试练习点击查看答案9据《与公肃甥书》记载:“忆昔时邸报,至(明)崇祯十一年方有活板(版),自此以前,并是写本。”对“活版”理解正确的是
A.活版技术从明代开始使用
B.活版之前信息传递均用手抄
C.活版最早使用的是木活字
D.活版在四大发明中出现最晚
开始考试练习点击查看答案10《中国的世界纪录》收录的中国古代科技成果统计<table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 3.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="54">类别</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="54">数学</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="76">天文历法气象</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">地学</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">化学</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">农学</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">机械</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">水利</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">轻工</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 3.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">兵器</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="54">项数</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="54">22</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="76">25</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">25</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">9</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">25</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">7</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">7</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.8pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">8</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 37.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="50">8</td></tr></tbody></table>造成上表科技成果分布情况的根本原因是
A.重农抑商政策
B.儒家民本思想
C.古代农耕经济
D.手工业发达
开始考试练习点击查看答案