1978年底，安徽凤阳县小岗村十八户农民实行分田到户、包产到户。到-最需题库

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1毛泽东同志在一次会议报告中指出：“迄今为止，国民党内的主要统治集团，坚持着独裁和内战的反动方针。有很多迹象表明，他们早已准备，尤其现在正在准备这样的行动：等候某一个同盟国的军队在中国大陆上驱逐日本侵略者到了某一程度时，他们就要发动内战。”由此可见，该报告应该是
A.《论持久战》
B.《新民主主义论》
C.《论人民民主专政》
D.《论联合政府》
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2某和约批准后，清帝下罪己诏曰：“去岁仓促开衅，征兵调饷，不遗余力。而将非宿选，兵非素练，纷纷召集，不殊乌合。以致水陆交绥，战无一胜”，“其万分为难情事，言者章奏所未及详，而天下臣民皆当体谅也”。战后签订的这一和约
A.最早规定了外国军舰可以到长江口岸航行
B.首开了列强在华设厂“合法化”的恶例
C.使中国独立自主的地位开始遭到破坏
D.标志着中国半殖民地社会秩序的建立
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3《易经﹒系辞》说：“形而上者谓之道，形而下者谓之器。”与之相对应的观点是
A.“形者，有生之本”
B.“心外无物”
C.“夫形于天地之间者，物也”
D.“舍天地则无以为道”
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4明朝内阁虽处中枢，但官阶较低，因此，内阁大学士通常由六部尚书和曾任经筵讲官（皇帝的老师）的人来兼任。这一现象直接导致了
A.内阁大学士的地位提高
B.内阁大学士的权力提高
C.皇帝与内阁的关系改善
D.皇权受到内阁的限制
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51975年在陕西岐山董家村出土的铜器中，有裘卫四器的铭文记载：共王三年，裘卫用价值八十朋的一块玉璋，租得矩伯的十田；共王五年，裘卫用自己的五田与邦君的四田相交换；共王九年，矩伯取裘卫一辆车子和车马的饰件，裘卫另外送给矩妻四卷帛，矩伯便把一片土地和林木送与裘卫。下列对此解读最准确的是
A.西周商品经济繁荣
B.铭文是研究西周历史的主要史料
C.分封制遭到破环
D.我国奴隶社会土地国有制被破坏
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6罗马法学家西塞罗认为，“既然法律统治长官，长官统治人民，因此确实可以说，长官是能言善辩的法律，而法律是沉默寡言的长官”；“握有统治权仗的人可能更替，而罗马法却没有改变。”在此，西塞罗强调的是
A.权力的权威和作用
B.法律的权威和作用
C.权力和法律互相依赖
D.权力和法律互相排斥
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7“从某种意义上说，哥伦布的远航不是第一次，而是最后一次对美洲的‘发现’。它的划时代意义源于欧洲对它的回应方式。因此，哥伦布的重要性首先可归因于欧洲形势的改变，而不是他到达了一个‘新’大陆。”这一说法
A.肯定哥伦布发现新大陆的史实，肯定“欧洲中心论”
B.否定哥伦布发现新大陆的史实，批评“欧洲中心论”
C.否定哥伦布发现新大陆的史实，肯定“欧洲中心论”
D.肯定哥伦布发现新大陆的史实，批评“欧洲中心论”
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8历经 5个月激烈讨论后，1787年美国制宪会议通过《联邦宪法》。下列说法符合当时宪法内容的是
A.总统可连选连任，无任职届数限制
B.实行联邦制，完善中央集权体制
C.众议员每州两名，任期六年
D.五个黑人中有三个人取得选举权
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9下面是第一次世界大战期间有关交战国军需品的生产量统计数字表(单位：百万吨)。其中协约国的产量在1917年大大超过同盟国，主要原因是<table style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 14.4pt; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" _dj="MsoNormalTable"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 11.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 44.45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="59"> </td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 116.5pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="155" colspan="2">1914年8月1日</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 116.55pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="155" colspan="2">1914年9月15日</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 110.2pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="147" colspan="2">1917年</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 44.45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="59"> </td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">协约国</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">同盟国</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">协约国</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">同盟国</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">协约国</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 51.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="69">同盟国</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 11.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 44.45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="59">生铁</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">22</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">22</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">16</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">25</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">50</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 51.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 11.9pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="69">15</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 44.45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="59">钢</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">19</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">21</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">16</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">25</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">58</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 51.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="69">16</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 44.45pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="59">煤</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.25pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">394</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; 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BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">355</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 58.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="78">851</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000000; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 51.9pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 12.55pt; BORDER-TOP: #000000; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="69">340</td></tr></tbody></table>
A.英法等国参战大大增强了协约国的实力
B.同盟国实行国民经济非军事化
C.美国等国参战大大增强了协约国的实力
D.俄国退出一战大大削弱了同盟国的实力
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10沈志华在《一个大国的崛起与崩溃：苏联历史专题研究（1917—1991）》中说：“最主要的是，临时政府没有看清楚二月革命后彼得格勒政治舞台上的真正主角是不再承认任何权威的群众，没有把群众的迫切需要作为稳定政局的问题来解决，在一系列具体问题上拖延不决，结果最终被群众抛弃。”材料反映出二月革命后
A.人民急切要求解决生存与和平问题
B.人民强烈要求反对专制斗争
C.临时政府没有掌握实际权力
D.临时政府对外妥协引发人民不满
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